Lung Cancer
What is Lung Cancer?
Cancer tissue compared to the first appearance often referred to. Lung cancer starts in the lungs first. Small cell lung cancer in the lung tissue cancer (malignant, malignant) cells are located is a disease. A large part of our lungs, chest cavity filled cone-shaped, spongy organs in the structure is a pair The main task of the lungs, the body cells from the body of the residue at which carbon dioxide and oxygen to the body with the essential requirements for survival is to take. Lungs main “bronchi” air-containing tubes called “alveoli” test of the air sacs, blood and lymph (lymphatic fluid) vessels were formed.
Based on the images of the cells under a microscope are two main types of lung cancer: small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer Incidence in Reveal How Much? Today is an epidemic disease and lung cancer in men worldwide is the most lethal types of cancer. Among the causes of death after cardiovascular disease, 2 takes place. Since 1987, women in the United States is also the first fatal cancer. In 1996, female lung cancer in the United States 64.000, 44.000 women died of breast cancer. Increase in lung cancer cases in the United States in the 1990s, women emerged in the 1960s after the rapid increase in smoking habits is optional. Of lung cancer increases in women in the United States will continue at least until 2010, maybe after this date can stop the increase is estimated. Rapidly in developed countries outside the U.S. at first causes. When we look at all the world average for men first, women after breast cancer is second. World Health Organization in 1985 in developing countries died from diseases linked to smoking 300.000 women, this 21.1% has been reported in lung cancer depends. Emerging number of patients each year all over the world continues to increase. In 2000, the world will be 2 million new lung cancer detected, 60% of them will be in developing countries is calculated. The rate of increase is more pronounced, especially in women. Yet lung cancer XX. YY. ‘S head was extremely rare disease. And consumption of tobacco into cigarettes as a result of the rapid spread of lung cancer epidemic has emerged in the 1940s and the effect of the epidemic, all over the world, continues to increase. In our country every year according to official figures revealed 20,000-25,000 new lung cancer patients and it is believed that this figure could reach 30,000-40,000. Because our country is no reliable health statistics. In our country, the majority of lung cancer seen in men. Female: male ratio 1: 7-8 is around. But after the 1980s, women in our country, this rate of increasing non-addictive the latest in 5-10 years will affect significantly in favor of women. According to data from the Ministry of Health between the years 1983-1989 in our country, cancer incidence 32/100.000 ‘dir. This portion of 26% of lung cancer comprise the first order. According to data from 1991-1992 the proportion of cancer of the respiratory system, 43′tür% of all cancers. According to data in the same estimates, the actual incidence of cancer should be 120-130/100.000. Lung cancer by region in order look at the distribution of Aegean Region 39.5%, 26.9% in Marmara Region, Eastern Anatolia Region 26.1%, 18.2%, Southeastern Anatolia, Mediterranean Region, 18.1%, 16.6% in the Central Anatolia Region is money.
What are the Risk Factors of Lung Cancer Causes ?
Lung cancer is the main reason for smoking. 80-90% of all lung cancer due to smoking alone is. Risk of smoking duration, total cigarette smoking, and age of onset varies depending on the type of cigarette smoking. A woman who smoke risk of lung cancer in women, according to a 1.5-153 times higher than non. Moreover, the same amount of women compared to men exposed to cigarette 1.5-3 times greater risk of lung cancer was calculated to be. Of lung cancer after active smoking is the second most important risk factors or other names as exposure to passive smoking or exposure to passive smoking, is to be foggy. Passive smoking exposure alone is reported to average 1.2-1.3 fold increased risk. Family history of lung cancer that increases the risk of lung cancer. Family history of lung cancer and never smoked a woman’s lung cancer risk 2.8 times increased when the family in lung cancer and non-smoking women this risk 11.3 times increased; with lung cancer who smoke and a woman is at the risk of 30-fold increase has been demonstrated. Also called asbestos dust in dealing with business people who work in working with a variety of chemical workers in the business before undergoing lung disease and lung from the scar tissue in the developing lung cancer risk in people is increasing. Some nutritional properties of the lung cancer risk may affect the known. In addition to motor vehicles, air pollution due to factory chimneys of the houses are not suitable for the wood-burning coal to heat the formation of cancer causing substances has been demonstrated. Air pollution increases the risk of lung cancer that can be thought of but have not identified the degree of risk. Development of lung cancer from environmental radon exposure may be associated with a geographical as lung cancer may lead to height is known. Small cell lung cancer who smoke or drink often in people who are. Some studies this association has come up 98′lere%. Lung Cancer and Women Lung cancer in women in the United States is the number one cancers. Is responsible for 25% of all cancer deaths in 1996, 64.300 women killed. Lung cancer death rate in women with smoking rates are among parallellik. Spread in the community of cigarette smoking and lung cancer mortality rate increased between the incubation period is 15-20 years. Lung cancer deaths in women increased rapidly after 1960 and continues to increase (Figure 2). According to this chart in our country among women of non-addictive, especially in the last 5-10 years has increased much more rapidly when considering the graph in the 1965-70′lerdeki for the moment we are in such cases, the lung cancer epidemic among women in our country becoming more predictable as to be flared. Female lung cancer death rates increasing in the United States. Is a dramatic increase between 1930-1990 and continued to increase since 1960 is observed acceleration. Smokers compared to men who smoke risk to women in small cell lung cancer is greater. Fold increase risk for men and 11.4-37.5 times when women are increasing at 37.6-86. Non-specific risk factors for all types of lung cancer is, but the strongest relationship with non-small cell lung cancer is common in women. Although not exactly prove that female hormones, and some properties of estrogen may affect the type of lung cancer and gender differences among lung cancer are thought to be responsible for.
Small Cell Lung Cancer Incidence in Reveal What?
Some 20% of all lung cancers are small cell lung cancer. Other types of lung cancer is the type showing the most rapid growth. This type of lung cancer associated with cigarette smoking is the most obvious lung cancer. Non-smoking women compared to men caught in this type of likelihood is greater.
Small Cell Lung Cancer What are the symptoms?
In this disease the following symptoms before a doctor biran to go in terms of warning: not exceeding cough or chest pain, wheeze during respiratory, wheeze hearing sounds, shortness of breath, coughing blood or bloody sputum to hoarseness or neck swelling and percent of emergence. Furthermore, the excessive growth of cancer tissue as a result of the chest cavity compressing into major organ, and difficulty in swallowing, heart failure, such as the findings may give. However, cancer cells of the body can spread to almost every organ and tissue in the brain, liver, bone, adrenal glands, mainly according to the findings may give the location. In fact, vision loss can lead to eye even spread. Furthermore, cancer cells are not spread, depending on some items if they are secreted in the body can make many metabolic and hormonal problems. This disease is suspected, your doctor with a device called bronchoscope will want to look into your bronchial tubes. This test is called a bronchoscopy is usually performed in hospital conditions. This test is given prior to the patient a local drug drugs, so a temporary period in the throat, windpipe in the state not to feel exposed. Although some may feel pressure not pain. Then your doctor or cells of the bronchial wall can take small parts and whether the cancer cells under a microscope will be investigated. This process is at biopsy. Are difficult to reach with the bronchoscope to obtain lung tissue regions can also use a needle from the outside. In this procedure, a small incision in the skin can be made and the needle is inserted between the ribs. This process is called needle aspiration biopsy. Pathology doctor with a microscope, any cancer cells to understand whether the received tissues are exposed. Test before the patient’s pain is not being used for the local effective drugs. To get rid of the disease (prognosis, right-survival) and treatment selection, stage of cancer (lung only or has spread to other places to be you) and the patient’s gender and general health status depend on.
Announcement of Phase Small cell lung cancer stages Small cell lung cancer is detected will be determined, in lung cancer cells spread to other body regions are further tests will be made to understand (staging process). Doctor’s treatment plan is necessary to know the stage of the disease. Small cell lung cancer, there are the following phases: Limited disease Only one lung cancer and / or is in lymph nodes near (lymph gland small, bean-like formation in the body are, and all are. Microbe in the body makes and stores cells that are fighting with). Common diseases From the chest cavity or the lung cancer starts in other parts of the body has spread to other tissues. Recurrent stage Recurrent disease after treatment of cancer mean re-emergence (of relapsed) means. The lungs or another part of the body may occur.
Treatment Options Small cell lung cancer, how is it treated?
All options are treated in patients with lung cancer. Three types of treatment are used. Surgery (to remove the cancer to take) Radiation (radiation) therapy (high-dose x-rays or other high-energy rays to kill cancer cells using) Chemotherapy (using drugs to kill cancer cells) In addition, small cell lung cancer, new treatments are effective in the treatment of clinical studies have investigated whether the. Surgery, only one lung cancer and has spread to lymph nodes in most cases the best available. Small cell lung cancer does not usually found in only one lung surgery can be used rarely. However, sometimes surgery patients to understand exactly what the cancer is located can also be used for. If surgery is one of the doctors will do the following operations: Only a small portion of a lung removed style incisions that wedge (wedge resection). An entire lobe of the lung lobectomy surgery are removed. The entire operation is called pneumonectomy in a lung is removed. During the doctor’s surgery is cancer of the lymph gland also may issue. Radiation treatment to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors to x-rays or other high-energy rays are used. Small cell lung cancer is usually done through a device outside the body (external radiation therapy). This treatment both in the lung cancer cells spread to other parts of the body are used to kill. Radiation treatment in the brain can also be used to prevent cancer development. This is called protective brain irradiation. This protective functions of the brain irradiation can affect the brain doctor to the patient a treatment that can help you to decide. Radiation treatment alone, with surgery and / or chemotherapy can be used with. Chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer treatment is a method used in all phases ençok. Chemotherapy in the form of pills or injections can be given through the vein or muscle can be applied. Chemotherapy is also known as a systemic treatment because the drugs enter the bloodstream and circulates the entire body except the lungs can kill cancer cells in the brain, for example. According to the treatment phase Small cell lung cancer treatment stage of the disease, the patient’s age and general health status depend on. Standard chemotherapy has been shown to be effective from the old research can be used to make an agenda or a clinical research protocol could result. Most patients with standard chemotherapy can not be good, and some even higher than expected side effects occur. For these reasons, to find better treatments for cancer clinical trials are done and they are based on the latest clinical information. Small cell lung cancer is currently in our clinic is not an experimental treatment.
Limited Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment may be one of the following:
1. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy to the chest area + / – protective brain irradiation.
2. Chemotherapy + / – protective brain irradiation.
3. Following surgery and chemotherapy + / – protective brain irradiation. In clinical studies of new drugs and new and different ways to the above treatments are tried.
Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Pervasive Treatment may be one of the following:
1. Chemotherapy + / – protective brain irradiation.
2. In the body of cancer cells have spread to the brain, such as bone or the spine to correct for the radiation treatment of complaints by region. In clinical studies of new drugs and new and different ways to the above treatments are tried.
Recurrent Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment may be one of the following:
1. Comfort (quality of life due to disease) to improve radiation treatment.
2. Comfort (quality of life due to disease) to improve chemotherapy.
3. Comfort (quality of life due to disease) to improve to keep the airway open, laser, radiation therapy or equipment applications.
4. Try a new drug clinical research.
